Cheque Truncation - A New Technology Initiative in India

Over the last decade, Indian banking has evolvedsuccessful, users need to support the system as it
over the traditional way of banking with use ofchanges the traditional way of working
innovative technologies. As a result, user experience4. Customer acceptance - in electronic cheque
has improved significantly. It is widely acknowledgedprocessing, merchants/customers need not visit the
by industry experts that technology can play a largerbank to deposit the cheque but they can scan their
role in Indian banking, and one area that certainlycheque from their desktop and submit for bank
craves for attention is cheque processing.clearing. This calls for tremendous change in mindset
Though under the Reserve Bank of Indiaamong customers to feel secure to do transactions
(RBI) guidance, the e-banking systems has beenover electronic media
implemented by banks that allows end-users to takeSome Implementation Guidelines
advantage of online fund transfer, RTGS, e-cheques1. Banks need to evaluate their existing system, as
etc, India continues to write lot of cheques everythey would have already invested good amount of
day. People still believe in the physical instrumentmoney into it. So the solution they would like to
rather than on electronic media. The estimatedimplement should be able to integrate with the
cheques written in India are around 1.2 billion per year.existing system as well as other heterogeneous
This includes local, intercity, interstate, and intra statesystems with ease
cheques. If we consider the whole cheque clearing2. Security of the system should be of prime
process, it is obvious that these are not veryimportance
effective. It takes about 15 days for inter-city3. The new solution should be able to scale and meet
cheque clearance. Apart from time consumingthe increasing demands from the customers and
process, there are overhead costs for transportationhandle the load
and storage. In short, poor cheque clearing cycle4. Should be able to provide software as service to
reduces operational efficiency.customers and related institutions
The Central Banks of many countries have exploited5. All systems are good only if people accept and
the technological innovations today and implementedready to work with it. Hence, having a governance
the electronic transmission of images rather than themodel in place is important and the current team
physical transportation of cheques for clearing. Forshould be enthusiastic enough to accept the new
example, the US has already implemented Checksolution. Most companies forget this aspect, which
Clearing for the 21st Century Act (or Check 21 Act).leads to failure of the system
In India, the RBI has mandated the use of pilotBeneficiaries of Cheque Truncation
Cheque Truncation Project in the National Capital1. Banks - have a simplified system to collect all the
Region. More than 10 banks are already processinginformation from their merchants/branches,
their cheques through the system now. Based on theconsolidate, process them and submit for clearance
experience gathered, it would consider extending the2. Customers of banks - can electronically deposit
coverage to other centers.large number of cheques without fear of loss in
Cheque Truncation is the process of stopping thetransit. For example, LIC collects thousands of
flow of the physical cheque issued by a drawer tocheques every day can deposit the cheque from its
the drawee branch. The physical instrument will beoffice rather than going and dropping cheques in
truncated at some point en-route to the draweemultiple banks
branch and an electronic image of the cheque would3. Bank's Branches - teller can directly scan and
be sent to the drawee branch along with thedeposit the cheque to its head office for clearing
relevant information like the MICR fields, date ofrather than transporting the cheque to the HO
presentation, presenting banks etc.4. Check processing centers - streamline back office
To wish away cheques were simply not possible so,operations for the banks with greater audit and
the focus is on improving the efficiency of thetracking
Cheque Clearing Cycle. Cheque Truncation is the5. Users of the system - can track the status from
alternative. Contrary to perceptions, Chequetheir desktop and plan their business or personal goals
Truncation is a more secure system than the currentaccordingly
exchange of physical documents in which the chequeThus, with the implementation of cheque truncation
moves from one point to another, thus, not onlysolution, the need to move the physical instrument
creating delays but inconvenience to the customer inacross branches would not be required, except in
case the instrument is lost in transit or manipulatedexceptional circumstances. This would effectively
during the clearing cycle.reduce the time required for payment of cheques,
Some of the challenges in implementing Chequethe associated cost of transit and delay in processing,
Truncation Solution are:etc., thus speeding up the process of collection or
1. Integration with existing large banking systems - asrealization of the cheques.
banks have already invested on legacy system, it isMajor advantages of Cheque Truncation
important that the new system seamlessly integrate
with the existing systemCheque Truncation thus is an important efficiency
2. Security - In any financial software, security is ofenhancement initiative in the Payments Systems area
prime importance. Hence, information transmittedthat will help financial institutions in India to increase
over electronic media should be secure enoughtheir top and bottom line and above all ultimate
3. Changing the current workflow - There is oftencustomer satisfaction.
resistance to change. For any new system to be