| Introduction | | | | Â Â Â Â Â Whether nutritional claims incorporated |
| Marketing is defined as the process by which | | | | certain post purchasing treatments like adding milk or |
| concepts are planned and then executed with regard | | | | water |
| to prices, promotions and distribution so as to | | | | Results |
| facilitate an exchange that would satisfy the needs | | | | The dominant theme was that nutritional claims in |
| of a potential consumer. Advertisements are part of | | | | food advertisements were actually inconsistent with |
| the promotional strategies in marketing and they are | | | | actual facts. With regard to calorific value and other |
| also one of the most outstanding concepts of | | | | products, it was found that there is inconsistency |
| marketing. The major goal in advertising is to make | | | | here. For instance, some advertisements claimed that |
| potential consumers desire a certain product. This | | | | there certain foods had less calories yet when |
| usually means incorporating the likes and dislikes of a | | | | analyzed critically, those products are packed in |
| particular group and then looking for suitable | | | | smaller sizes. If consumed in larger quantities, then |
| mechanisms of convincing the target group about the | | | | they can cause the same effect as their competing |
| product. Food advertisements for children usually | | | | products. (Elder, 2001) |
| incorporate these same principles. The report shall | | | | NB: Percentages refer to all the articles that cited the |
| examine the controversies about this research topic. | | | | topic |
| (Chetley, 2000) | | | | A large number of articles depicted the fact that |
| Research question | | | | advertisements with celebrities actually deceived |
| The research question that will be analyzed in | | | | children into thinking that they could become like |
| subsequent parts of the report is as follows; | | | | those celebrities especially after mentioning nutritional |
| Do nutrient profiles presented in food advertisements | | | | requirements. Lastly, it was found that most |
| during children's viewing time reflect honest | | | | nutritional claims were consistent with post treatment |
| information? | | | | claims such as adding water. This means that the |
| This research question is particularly important to the | | | | specified the nutritional claims prior to adding these |
| country because marketing claims have a substantial | | | | treatment. However, those that responded in the |
| influence on purchasing decisions. Taking an example | | | | affirmative claimed that such commodities' health |
| of what happened in the United States during the | | | | value was inconsistent with post treatment. For |
| late eighties; the American public began viewing a | | | | instance, many articles cited the issue of milk formula. |
| series of advertisements that linked the availability of | | | | Formula cannot be taken without water yet |
| fiber rich diets with prevention of cancer. (Goldberg | | | | excessive water can cause malnutrition in the child. |
| et al, 2003) | | | | (Taras et al, 1998) |
| Three years after those advertisements, it was | | | | Discussion and Interpretation |
| found that a substantial portion of the American | | | | Two out of the three themes being analyzed turned |
| public began consuming high fiber diets. Consequently, | | | | out to be existent in that food advertisements and |
| nutritional claims in food advertisements are important | | | | nutritional claims were deceptive. However, with |
| determinants of food consumed and hence the | | | | regard to nutritional value in post treatment, it was |
| overall health of the population. (Mathios et al, 2005) | | | | found that most articles felt that advertisements |
| It should be noted that nutritional claims stated within | | | | accounted for post treatment. Nonetheless, the |
| any kind of advertisement are important because | | | | overwhelming issue that emanates of that these |
| they have the potential to influence the overall health | | | | nutritional claims are deceptive. (Hellwig, 1998) |
| of the population. For instance, there is overwhelming | | | | In response to these research findings, nutritional |
| scientific information to depict the fact that saturated | | | | companies should avoid making exaggerated |
| fats can cause serious health diseases. Consequently, | | | | statements such as linking their foods to celebrities. |
| placing nutritional information about these facts in | | | | Children are too young to understand that this may |
| food advertisements is essential in preventing | | | | not be true. Food marketers should also avoid |
| excessive consumption of such commodities. | | | | distorting information made by scientists because this |
| Additionally, scientists also claim that eating more | | | | makes children susceptible to nutritional related |
| vitamins and minerals causes one to be healthy. | | | | disorders. All in all, food advertisers need to be |
| (Jeffrey et al, 2002) | | | | particularly sensitive to children as a demographic |
| However, certain instances arise when nutritional | | | | market segment because most of them may not |
| claims made by advertisers are not true. When | | | | have the capacity to make sound and responsible |
| marketers make fake nutritional claims about their | | | | judgment. (Elder, 2001) |
| products, they are engaging in unethical marketing | | | | Appendicesconsistency between product size and |
| because consumers are not purchasing products | | | | calorific valuepercentage |
| worth their true value. Also, they could be causing | | | | Existent |
| consumers to expect too much from a product and | | | | 48non existent |
| thus be bitterly disappointed in the end. For instance | | | | 49 |
| some advertisements such as the ‘Got Milk' | | | | Not specified |
| adverts claimed that its nutrients can boost one's | | | | 13 |
| performance in sports and this was seriously | | | | Nutritional claims and post purchasing |
| misleading. (Destel, 2000) The paper shall look at the | | | | treatmentspercentage |
| validity of most nutrient claims in the country and | | | | Include |
| then make judgments on whether these claims are | | | | 12do not include |
| actually true. | | | | 16not sure |
| Data | | | | 15 |
| Data will be collected though secondary materials. It | | | | Advertisements deceive children |
| will incorporate a series of ; | | | | %ge |
| - Journals, | | | | Deceive |
| - Electronic sources | | | | 57 |
| - Books | | | | Do not deceive |
| - Newspaper articles | | | | 20unspecified |
| These sources will contain conformation on nutrient | | | | 23 |
| claims in food. The controversy regarding the issue | | | | References |
| will be analyzed with the specific intention of mapping | | | | Chetley, A.(2000): Â The Politics of Baby Foods: |
| out an overall theme in the articles and publications. | | | | Successful Challenges to a national Marketing |
| Method of data analysis | | | | Strategy; St. Martin's. |
| Data was analyzed by examining the common | | | | Elder, J. (2001): Behavior Change and Public Health in |
| assertions from the sources about the research topic. | | | | the Developing World; Sage |
| If a publication made a certain claim like nutritional | | | | Jeffrey, D. et al (2002): Role of Television |
| information on calorific value is deceptive, then this | | | | Commercials in Development of Children's Eating |
| claim could be analyzed in other pieces of work and | | | | Habits:." Health Education Quarterly 9:174–189. |
| the aggregate percentage found for all the | | | | Mathios, A. et al (2005): Do Food Companies Spread |
| publications. Thereafter, conclusions were then made | | | | Nutrition Information through Labels and Advertising; |
| on whether calorific claims in food advertisements are | | | | Food Review, 2, 21, 38–44 |
| deceptive. (Center for a New American Dream, 2007) | | | | Destel, M. (2000): Marketing Empty Calories to |
| The following themes were analyzed in several | | | | Children; Public Health Reports 15,309–310 |
| literature in order to certify whether they were | | | | Hellwig, P. (1998): TV Is the Most-Often-Used Source |
| actually true or not; | | | | of Health Information; A Report for Research Alert |
| Â Â Â Â Whether calorific value of certain products | | | | 16, 7 |
| complies with sizes of those products | | | | Goldberg, J. et al (2003): The Challenge Facing |
| Â Â Â Â Whether food advertisements with celebrities | | | | Scientists: Nutrition Scientists in the Media; The |
| deceive children into thinking that they could be the | | | | American College of Nutrition Journal, 16, 4, 50 |
| same a those celebrities just by taking that food. | | | | Taras, H., et al. |