Landfill Problems and Global Warming Effects

Wastes with high moisture content or which receiveand recycling will help address global climate change
artificial irrigation, rainwater, surface or groundwaterby decreasing the amount of greenhouse gas
infiltration produce leachate and methane gas at aemissions and saving energy (US Environmental
high rate. It has been shown, from one study thatProtection Agency).
once a dump is saturated, annual precipitation of 36The fact is that global warming, also known as the
inches per year which exists in certain parts of thegreenhouse gas effect, remains controversial in many
world can percolate 1 million gallons of contaminatedquarters. Many still question the basis of the
water per acre annually.prediction of climate change. However, Under the
This is a lot of contaminated water - also known as1997 Kyoto Protocol, the United States agreed in
leachate or garbage juice! This contaminated water isprinciple to reduce its emissions of greenhouse gases
ten to 1,000 times more contaminated and damagingto somewhat below 1990 levels by the period
to the local surface and groundwater than sewage,2008-2012.
although it contains few human disease organismsIn 1997 global cooling was a big environmental worry
(pathogens) and much fewer than sewage.and an issue back then, but few paid attention to
All nations also produce huge quantities of scrap tires.that either, and the concerns were soon found to be
Waste scrap tires present landfill problems. They areunfounded. The perspective in global cooling is similar
hard to compact, may rise to the surface over timeto the way people view global warming now.
in poorly compacted waste and provide dangerousLandfill methane is an excellent and frequently
breeding grounds for mosquitoes and rats, in theuntapped resource. Most times gases are simply
water which collects in them. They also unfortunatelyflared or burned in the atmosphere, which is much
do not disintegrate to reduce their volume inless contributory to the greenhouse gas build-up
stockpiling.which worries us all, than just letting the methane
Also if industrial hazardous wastes are landfilled the(landfill gas) escape without flaring. Landfill methane is
waste materials that will often be found in the sitetypically flared in the developed nations, and almost
will be such that the sites will later be classed asnever flared in the developing world\'s nations.
contaminated land and do not meet theOpinions about landfill gas as an emissions problem,
contaminated soil criteria. This is to be expectedand even the producer of significant greenhouse gas
where regulatory control is poor but the cost to theemissions vary across the US. We have been made
community is hugely greater than paying for goodaware that state regulators consider methane to be
regulation in the first place.a minor problem in New Mexico, due to the dry
It is not realized by many in the community at largeclimate. However, Albuquerque is treating at least one
that waste prevention and recycling are critical toserious methane problem with a high priority.
reducing or stopping climate change. Waste-to-energyState-by-state analyses nevertheless, do show a
(WTE) plants create heat and electricity from burninglarge and untapped potential for biomass-fired
mixed solid waste. Because of high corrosion in theelectricity generation. A very separate question, of
boilers, the steam temperature in WTE plants maycourse, is how much of this potential makes financial,
end up being less than 400 degrees Celsius. This hasenvironmental, or political sense.
to be avoided because at these temperatures ofHowever, interest in the use of landfill gas to fuel
combustion many hazardous by-products ofelectricity generation is growing. Landfill methane is
incomplete combustion will be present which are verycollected at a growing number of landfill sites and
harmful to the local environment and the health ofburned for energy production which mitigates the
future occupants, if not cleaned up.global warming effect of the methane as well as
But, the adoption of large scale waste preventionproducing electricity and/or heat.